《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(11): 1979-1987

17个柿品种叶中黄酮类物质的检测

安淼, 余贤美, 王洁, 刘加芬, 艾呈祥^*

山东省果树研究所, 山东泰安271000

通信作者：艾呈祥；E-mail: chengxiang_1975@163.com

摘　要：

本研究采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定了17个品种柿树(Diospyros kaki)叶中的总黄酮含量, 并通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定了异槲皮苷、芦丁、紫云英苷、槲皮素、山柰素和异鼠李素6种黄酮类物质的含量。结果显示, 各品种间总黄酮含量差异显著, 17个品种柿树的柿叶中总黄酮含量为24.47~43.00 mg·g^-1 (DW)。其中, ‘油蒌头’、‘金柿’、‘晚御所’和‘湘西甜柿’含量最高, 分别为43.00、41.17、41.57和42.32 mg·g^-1 (DW), 无显著差异; ‘八月黄’含量最低, 为24.47 mg·g^-1 (DW)。总黄酮含量与不同柿树类型(砧木、涩柿、不完全甜柿和完全甜柿)无明显相关性。HPLC分析结果显示, 除‘鄂柿1号’外, 其余16个品种的6种黄酮类物质, 均以紫云英苷含量最高; 异鼠李素仅在‘禅寺丸’叶片中被检测到, 但含量较低, 仅0.075 mg·g^-1 (DW)。本研究结果说明, 17个柿树品种中, ‘油蒌头’、‘金柿’、‘晚御所’、‘湘西甜柿’、‘上西早生’、‘鄂柿1号’、‘次郎’中黄酮含量较高, 可用于柿叶茶的研制和加工。

关键词：柿叶; 黄酮类物质; 紫外-可见分光光度法; 高效液相色谱

收稿：2017-05-04   修定：2017-10-20

资助：“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划项目(2013BAD14B0504)。

The detection of flavonoids from leaves of 17 persimmon cultivars

AN Miao, YU Xian-Mei, WANG Jie, LIU Jia-Fen, AI Cheng-Xiang^*

Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong 271000, China

Corresponding author: AI Cheng-Xiang; E-mail: chengxiang_1975@163.com

Abstract:

The leaves of 17 persimmon (Diospyros kaki) cultivars were used to analyze total flavonoid content by using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and detect the contents of six flavonoids including isoquercitrin, rutin, astragalin, quercetin, kaempferide and isorhamnetin by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that there was significant difference in the total flavonoid content among different cultivars, with the values ranging from 24.47 to 43.00 mg·g^-1 (DW). The total flavonoid content of ‘Youloutou’, ‘Jinshi’, ‘Oku-gosho’ and ‘Xiangxitianshi’ were the highest with the values of 43.00, 41.17, 41.57 and 42.32 mg·g^-1 (DW) respectively, and there was no significant difference between them. The total flavonoid content of ‘Bayuehuang’ was the lowest with the value of 24.47 mg·g^-1 (DW). However, there was no obvious correlation between the total flavonoid content and different cultivar types of stock, astringent persimmon, pollination variant non-astringent (PVNA) persimmon and pollination-constant and non-astringent (PCNA) persimmon. The HPLC result showed that astragalin content was the highest in all the tested cultivars except ‘Eshi 1’, whereas the isorhamnetin was only detected in ‘Zenjimaru’ with the very low value of 0.075 mg·g^-1 (DW). The results of this research indicated that there were rich flavonoids in the cultivars of ‘Youloutou’, ‘Jinshi’, ‘Oku-gosho’, ‘Xiangxitianshi’, ‘Uenishiwase’, ‘Eshi 1’ and ‘Jiro’, which could be used for the process of persimmon leaf tea.

Key words: persimmon leaves; flavonoids; ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry; HPLC